Gas

In common parlance, water vapor (H2O) is usually understood to mean the visible vapor clouds of condensed water vapor (wet vapor). Vapor plumes are visible because microscopic droplets (aerosols) have formed, as in clouds and in fog. In technology and…

Chlorine (CL2) is a chemical element. Together with fluorine, bromine, iodine, astatine and tennessine it belongs to the group of halogens. Elemental chlorine is present in gaseous form under normal conditions in the form of the diatomic molecule Cl2. It…

Ozone is a molecule (O3) composed of three oxygen atoms (O) with a characteristic odor. Ozone molecules in the air decompose back to oxygen (O2) within a few days under normal conditions. Ozone is a powerful and toxic oxidant that…

Hydrogen sulfide (H2S) (also dihydrogen sulfide) is a malodorous, colorless, highly toxic gas. It is corrosive, flammable, highly combustible, and slightly heavier than air. It is slightly soluble in water and slightly more soluble in ethanol. H2S is a very…

Sulfur dioxide (SO2) is a colorless, mucous membrane-irritating, pungent-smelling and sour-tasting toxic gas. It is very soluble in water and forms sulfurous acid with water to a very small extent. It is formed, among other things, during the combustion of…

Nitrogen dioxide (NO2) is a reddish-brown, toxic, pungent chlorine-like smelling gas. The gas belongs to the group of nitrogen oxides and can be easily liquefied to N2O4 (dinitrogen tetraoxide) by increasing the pressure or cooling with dimerization. Nitrogen dioxide is used…

Under normal conditions, sulfur hexafluoride (SF6) is a colorless and odorless, non-toxic and non-flammable gas which, like nitrogen and CF4, behaves in an extremely inert manner. Sulfur hexafluoride is used as an insulating gas in medium- and high-voltage technology, for…

Tetrafluoromethane (CF4) (also tetrafluorocarbon) is a chemical compound from the series of fluorocarbons. It is a colorless and odorless gas with a melting point of -184 °C and a boiling point of -128 °C. Tetrafluoromethane is very inert and is…

CnHm – this term covers all compounds in which carbon and hydrogen are present. The alkanes form a defined subgroup. Since the known measurement methods (NDIR, FID, PID, …) do not allow selective analysis of individual hydrocarbon compounds, a summary is always…

Methane (CH4) is the simplest member of the alkane group (CnH2n+2). Under normal conditions, it is a colorless, odorless, flammable gas. Methane is insoluble in water and forms explosive mixtures with air. It burns in the presence of oxygen to…

Nitrous oxide (N2O), commonly known by the trivial name laughing gas, is a colorless gas from the group of nitrogen oxides. In literature, nitrous oxide is also referred to as nitrogen oxydul. Laughing gas is best known as an inhalation…

Nitrogen monoxide (NO) is a colorless and odorless gas. It is formed during combustion processes of natural gas, crude oil and coal. In the ambient air, it reacts very quickly to form NO2, which is why the total value NOx is…

Carbon monoxide (CO) is a colorless, odorless, tasteless and toxic gas. It is produced, among other things, during the incomplete combustion of carbon-containing substances with insufficient oxygen supply. Carbon monoxide is combustible and burns with oxygen to form carbon dioxide.…

Carbon dioxide (CO2) is a non-flammable, acidic and colorless gas. Because it dissolves well in water, it is sometimes colloquially and incorrectly called »carbonic acid«. CO2 is an elementary component of the global carbon cycle, a natural component of the…